Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

SVRN, Inc. (NASDAQ: SVRN) exists to keep individuals in control of their assets, their data, and the AI agents that act on their behalf. At the center of its work is NEAR Protocol, the open infrastructure for the agentic economy.

SVRN's strategy comprises actively managing a digital asset treasury anchored by NEAR, driving commercial adoption of NEAR's products, and backing, building, and acquiring ventures that serve its mission.

SVRN gives public market investors exposure to that strategy through a Nasdaq-listed stock rather than a token they passively hold and secure themselves.

SVRN is shorthand for "sovereign."

The name comes from SVRN's mission: to grow technology that enables individual sovereignty. It reflects SVRN's focus on NEAR Protocol, which is building open infrastructure for the agentic economy, where users own their assets and their intelligence. The company name and the Nasdaq ticker are the same four letters: SVRN.

SVRN is pronounced "sovereign."

The name is a shortened form of the word sovereign. It is said the same way whether referring to SVRN, Inc. or to the Nasdaq ticker.

SVRN supports the development and adoption of infrastructure for the emerging agentic economy while providing public market investors with exposure to that opportunity through a Nasdaq-listed company.

SVRN runs three core strategies: it actively manages a digital asset treasury anchored by NEAR, drives commercial adoption of NEAR Protocol's products, and backs, builds, and acquires ventures that serve its mission.

The treasury is staked to help secure the network and earn protocol rewards, and is actively managed through hedging and governance participation. The commercialization work targets NEAR Protocol, the layer-1 network built for secure AI-agent transactions. Together, the three strategies give shareholders a balance-sheet position in NEAR, an operating role in the network it settles on, and ownership in ventures growing around it.

SVRN exists to make sure the infrastructure the agentic economy runs on serves individuals, and to give public market investors a way to own that thesis.

As AI agents do more on behalf of individuals and companies, they need infrastructure that lets them be useful and lets them handle data safely. Useful means working across networks: an agent that can only transact inside one platform cannot book, negotiate, and settle on your behalf. Safe means handling personal data without surrendering it to centralized platforms. NEAR Protocol is built for both, with NEAR Intents for cross-network settlement and NEAR AI for private model execution. SVRN grows that infrastructure through its three strategies—the NEAR-anchored treasury, the commercial adoption work, and ventures that serve the mission—so shareholders participate as it scales.

Yes. SVRN, Inc. (NASDAQ: SVRN) is the same Nasdaq-listed company formerly known as OceanPal Inc.

The SEC registration did not change; the ticker changed from OP to SVRN on November 17, 2025. When the strategy launched in October 2025, OceanPal was the parent company and the NEAR treasury business was a wholly owned subsidiary. That transition is now complete: SVRN, Inc. is the parent entity, and OceanPal and its legacy dry-bulk shipping business have been fully divested.

OceanPal became SVRN to rebuild the company around a single mission: growing technology that enables individual sovereignty, with NEAR Protocol at the center.

In October 2025, OceanPal closed a $120 million PIPE investment with participation from the NEAR Foundation to launch SVRN and build a corporate NEAR treasury. That transaction set the strategy in motion. The NEAR business began as a wholly owned subsidiary, the legacy dry-bulk shipping business was divested, and the company was renamed SVRN, Inc. It now runs three core strategies as a single focused entity: the NEAR-anchored treasury, commercial adoption of NEAR's products, and ventures that serve its mission. The stock has traded under the SVRN ticker since November 17, 2025.

Building on an existing Nasdaq-listed company was faster and gave investors a regulated vehicle from day one.

Launching the strategy inside an established SEC registrant with an active Nasdaq listing allowed the treasury company to be established through a single PIPE transaction rather than a lengthy new listing process. It also preserved continuity: SVRN kept the SEC registration through the transition, so the filing history remains intact under SVRN, Inc.

OceanPal became SVRN, Inc. (NASDAQ: SVRN), a sovereignty technology company built around NEAR Protocol.

The same Nasdaq-listed company exited the shipping business and transformed entirely toward its NEAR strategy. OceanPal began as the parent of the NEAR treasury subsidiary created in the October 2025 PIPE transaction; that structure has since been fully consolidated, with SVRN, Inc. as the core entity and OceanPal deprecated. The stock has traded under the SVRN ticker since November 17, 2025.

SVRN chose NEAR Protocol because it is the layer-1 network already built for AI agents at scale.

NEAR Protocol has served more than 100 million users across consumer and enterprise AI, and its NEAR Intents system settles transactions across multiple chains and assets. It was co-founded by Illia Polosukhin, a co-author of the 2017 paper "Attention Is All You Need" that underpins modern AI. That conviction is why SVRN concentrated in a single network rather than diversifying: the strategy is to hold NEAR, then work to grow and secure the network those holdings depend on. The NEAR Foundation partnership that anchored SVRN's $120 million founding investment aligned the company directly with the network it set out to commercialize.

SVRN creates value through its three core strategies: actively managing a NEAR-anchored treasury on behalf of shareholders, driving commercial adoption of the network those holdings depend on, and backing, building, and acquiring ventures that serve its mission.

SVRN is building and managing the largest and only publicly traded NEAR treasury. Active management means more than holding: the treasury is staked and liquid-staked for protocol rewards, hedged with an institutional options overlay for non-dilutive income, and voted in network governance, with deployment into core network corridors planned as the network's commercial volume grows. The commercialization work expands the ecosystem itself by acquiring and staking NEAR, providing tools to the network and the projects built on it, and driving institutional adoption. The ventures strategy adds ownership in businesses that strengthen the network and serve the mission. Each of those is a source of shareholder value that the token price alone does not capture.

SVRN earns protocol rewards by staking its NEAR, plus income from an options overlay.

Staking and liquid staking earn protocol-native rewards, paid in NEAR, while preserving liquidity for strategic re-allocation. SVRN also uses institutional-grade derivatives to manage volatility and generate non-dilutive income. Over time, the treasury strategy contemplates deploying capital into core network corridors to earn fee-based yield as commercial volume on the network grows. Staking is conducted under institutional qualified custody with a number of established providers. Current details and figures are disclosed in SVRN's SEC filings and investor updates.

Beyond the treasury, SVRN works to put NEAR Protocol into real commercial and institutional use.

SVRN drives institutional adoption of NEAR's two commercial surfaces: NEAR Intents, the settlement layer for agentic commerce, and NEAR AI, the private environment where individuals and businesses use powerful models while retaining ownership of their data. A working example: SVRN and Oracle built a solution that integrates stablecoin payments into Oracle Simphony POS with settlement on NEAR via Intents, connecting retail checkout to enterprise digital asset workflows.

A digital asset treasury (DAT) company is a public company that owns and actively manages digital assets on behalf of its shareholders.

It is an alternative to passively holding and securing digital assets, which is otherwise what public market investors and institutions must do themselves. The management is where value beyond the token sits: staking for protocol rewards, providing liquidity, hedging volatility, participating in governance, and investing in the network's growth. Treasury companies generally concentrate in a single asset rather than diversifying across many. SVRN, Inc. (NASDAQ: SVRN) operates a NEAR-anchored treasury as one of its three core strategies, alongside commercial adoption work and ventures that serve its mission.

mNAV (market-to-net-asset-value) compares a company's market capitalization to the value of its digital asset holdings.

A multiple above 1.0x means the market values the company above its tokens alone, crediting the treasury management strategy, the operating business, and growth expectations; below 1.0x is a discount. For SVRN, mNAV is one lens on valuation alongside the NEAR holdings, the commercialization work, and the ventures strategy. SVRN publishes treasury metrics, including mNAV, on svrn.net, and the Company has disclosed a share-repurchase threshold of 0.8x mNAV, subject to safe harbor provisions, an indication of how management applies the metric. Current figures are in SVRN's SEC filings and investor updates.

SVRN launched its NEAR treasury in November 2025 with approximately 53.9 million NEAR, valued at more than $133 million at the time; current figures are reported in its SEC filings.

At launch, announced November 17, 2025, holdings totaled approximately 53.9 million NEAR, then about 4.2% of total token supply and valued at more than $133 million as disclosed in the company's launch announcement. SVRN stated an accumulation target of 10% of supply. Because the treasury is staked, holdings also grow through protocol rewards. Rely on SVRN's SEC filings and investor updates for current figures.

SovereignAI Services LLC is SVRN's wholly owned operating subsidiary for its NEAR treasury and commercialization work.

SovereignAI was established in October 2025 through a $120 million PIPE investment made in partnership with the NEAR Foundation, and remains the vehicle through which SVRN executes its NEAR strategy.

SVRN is led by CEO Sal Ternullo.

Ternullo is a managing partner at A100x Ventures and co-founded KPMG's cryptoasset services practice, building the firm's crypto advisory work for institutional clients. The board combines public-company governance and regulatory experience with operating experience in digital assets and security.

The NEAR Foundation anchored the $120 million investment that established SVRN's NEAR treasury.

The Foundation supports the development and growth of the NEAR Protocol ecosystem, and partnered with SVRN on the October 2025 PIPE that launched SovereignAI. SVRN is not governed by NEAR and operates independently as a Nasdaq-listed company; it does not govern NEAR Protocol or speak for the Foundation. The two partner closely on selected business and growth initiatives.

NEAR Protocol is a layer-1 blockchain built for the agentic economy, where AI agents act and transact on a person's behalf.

NEAR Protocol has served more than 100 million users across consumer and enterprise AI applications and has processed billions of dollars in transaction volume. Its NEAR Intents system lets a user state an outcome and have it settled across multiple chains and assets, without managing a separate wallet or gas token for each one. NEAR Protocol was co-founded by Illia Polosukhin, a co-author of the 2017 paper "Attention Is All You Need" that underpins modern AI, and its backers include a16z, Dragonfly, Pantera, Electric Capital, Fabric, Coinbase, and Circle.

The agentic economy is commerce carried out by AI agents transacting autonomously on behalf of people and companies.

Rather than a person clicking through each step, agents buy compute and data, book travel, negotiate terms, and settle payment directly. McKinsey research published in January 2026 projects that AI agents could mediate $3 trillion to $5 trillion of global consumer commerce by 2030. Franklin Templeton has argued, in a July 2026 research article, that agentic AI is the “killer use case” for blockchain, on the grounds that conventional payment rails carry fees and settlement times unsuited to machine-speed micropayments, and that agents cannot open bank accounts of their own. SVRN's thesis is that NEAR Protocol is built to be that settlement layer, which is why SVRN actively manages NEAR as its treasury asset and works to drive its adoption.

NEAR Protocol matters because AI agents need infrastructure that can coordinate and settle value across fragmented networks without exposing user data.

NEAR Protocol is a layer-1 blockchain designed for that, with NEAR Intents handling cross-chain settlement and an account model built for agent-driven activity. It already serves more than 100 million users across consumer and enterprise AI, the kind of scale agentic commerce requires. SVRN's role is to drive the commercial adoption of that infrastructure.

NEAR Protocol was co-founded in 2018 by Illia Polosukhin and Alexander Skidanov.

Polosukhin worked on Google's AI research team and is a co-author of the 2017 paper "Attention Is All You Need," which introduced the transformer architecture behind modern AI, making him one of the earliest builders of what became generative AI. He left Google to work on machine learning for developers, which led to NEAR Protocol. NEAR is developed and supported by its global contributor community and the NEAR Foundation.

NEAR Intents is NEAR Protocol's settlement system: a user states an outcome, and a network of solvers competes to fulfill it.

Instead of specifying each step, an individual or business states a goal, such as a purchase or a booking, and solvers compete on price to organize the procurement, logistics, and settlement. Settlement works across multiple chains and assets without the user managing a wallet or gas token for each. Intents is one of the two NEAR commercial surfaces SVRN works to bring to institutional scale.

NEAR AI is a private environment for using powerful AI models while retaining full ownership of your data.

Interactions are processed in secure hardware environments that isolate data from the network and generate cryptographic proofs of the model's integrity. The result is AI that can work with personal or business data without that data being surrendered to a platform. NEAR AI is the second NEAR surface SVRN drives toward institutional adoption, alongside NEAR Intents.

Yes. SVRN, Inc. (NASDAQ: SVRN) is the first publicly traded NEAR Protocol treasury company.

SVRN actively manages NEAR as its primary treasury asset and works to drive NEAR Protocol's commercial adoption. Buying SVRN gives an investor exposure to NEAR through a Nasdaq-listed equity, held in an ordinary brokerage account, rather than a token to custody directly.

NEAR exposure comes two main ways today: holding the token directly, or owning shares of SVRN (NASDAQ: SVRN) through the stock market.

Holding the token through a crypto exchange or wallet requires self-custody and key management. SVRN, the first publicly traded NEAR treasury company, actively manages a NEAR treasury and works on the network's commercial adoption, with no wallet required. Spot NEAR exchange-traded products have been filed with US regulators but were not approved as of July 2026.

No. As of July 2026, no US-listed spot NEAR ETF has been approved.

Grayscale filed in January 2026 to convert its existing NEAR Trust into a spot ETF and amended that filing in June 2026. Bitwise amended its own filing in July 2026, adding staking and naming NYSE Arca as the listing exchange. Neither has been approved to date. A NEAR staking exchange-traded product trades in Europe. Investors seeking NEAR exposure through a US-listed security today can consider SVRN, Inc. (NASDAQ: SVRN), which differs from a fund: SVRN actively manages its NEAR treasury and works on the network's commercial adoption rather than only tracking the token.

SVRN's value is closely tied to the price of NEAR, which is volatile, so the stock can move sharply with the token.

Additional risks include concentration in a single digital asset, staking and counterparty risk on the treasury, regulatory uncertainty around digital assets, and execution risk in a recently transitioned business. SVRN's SEC filings contain the full risk factors and should be read before investing.

That depends on the investor's objectives, risk tolerance, and view of NEAR Protocol; SVRN does not make investment recommendations.

SVRN offers Nasdaq-listed exposure to an actively managed NEAR treasury and to the company's work commercializing the network. Against that, its value is concentrated in a single volatile asset and carries the risks set out in its SEC filings. Investors should weigh those factors and may wish to consult a financial professional.

SVRN holds its NEAR under institutional qualified custody with multiple custodians and stakes it through a number of established providers.

The treasury is held across multiple custodians, and staking is implemented so that assets earn protocol rewards without leaving qualified custody. SVRN treats treasury security as core infrastructure, and its leadership includes a former bank and exchange security executive. Specific custody and staking arrangements are disclosed through SVRN's filings and investor materials.

SVRN's SEC filings are the authoritative source for its financial results and profitability.

As a recently transitioned company, results reflect both the exit from the former shipping operations and the NEAR treasury strategy. Rely on SVRN's SEC filings and official investor updates for current financials.

Treasury companies typically concentrate on a single digital asset; SVRN's asset is NEAR Protocol and its approach is active.

The model is established across several assets, with prominent examples holding Bitcoin, Ether, and Solana. SVRN's asset is NEAR Protocol, a layer-1 network with live products and AI-agent settlement rather than a pure store of value. And SVRN's approach is active: it stakes its NEAR, runs an options overlay, participates in governance, and works on the network's commercial adoption. SVRN is also the first publicly traded company built around a NEAR treasury.

SVRN is a Nasdaq-listed stock with an actively managed treasury and an operating business; the token is a direct holding you custody yourself.

Buying NEAR directly means holding it on a crypto exchange or in a wallet, managing private keys, and earning nothing unless you stake it yourself. SVRN actively manages a NEAR treasury and works on the network's commercial adoption, and is bought in an ordinary brokerage account. The trade-off is that SVRN is a company with its own risks, not a direct holding of the asset.

A spot ETF is built to track the token; SVRN actively manages its NEAR treasury and works on the network's adoption.

A spot NEAR ETF, once available, would hold the token to track its price. Some proposed filings include staking, but a fund does not take an operating role. SVRN stakes its treasury, manages volatility with an institutional options overlay, and participates in network governance, alongside its work commercializing NEAR. As of July 2026, no US-listed spot NEAR ETF has been approved, though Grayscale and Bitwise have filed.

SVRN trades on the Nasdaq under the ticker SVRN and is available through any brokerage that offers US-listed stocks.

That includes Fidelity, Schwab, Robinhood, and Public, in both taxable and retirement accounts. No crypto exchange or wallet is required.

SVRN, Inc. trades on the Nasdaq under the ticker symbol SVRN.

The symbol changed from OP to SVRN on November 17, 2025; the symbol change did not alter the underlying common stock. Shares are available through any brokerage that offers US-listed equities.

Yes. As an ordinary Nasdaq-listed stock, SVRN can generally be held in standard brokerage, IRA, and other retirement accounts.

No crypto wallet or exchange account is required. Account eligibility and rules vary by provider.

SVRN's SEC filings and the newsroom on svrn.net are the authoritative sources for treasury data, financials, and investor materials.

SVRN publishes treasury metrics on svrn.net, files financial reports and material updates with the SEC, and posts announcements, research, and company news in the newsroom at svrn.net/news.

Follow SVRN in the newsroom at svrn.net/news, on X at @svrn_ai, and on LinkedIn at linkedin.com/company/svrnai.

The newsroom collects press releases, research, blog posts, and media coverage in one place. Material corporate events are also disclosed through press releases and SEC filings.

Investor relations inquiries can be emailed to [email protected].

Company news and material disclosures are also available in the newsroom at svrn.net/news and in SVRN's SEC filings.